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The Evolving AGN Duty Cycle in Galaxies Since z similar to 3 as Encoded in the X-Ray Luminosity Function
Delvecchio, I.1,2; Daddi, E.1; Aird, J.3; Mullaney, J. R.4; Bernhard, E.4; Grimmett, L. P.4; Carraro, R.5; Cimatti, A.6,7; Zamorani, G.8; Caplar, N.9; Vito, F.10,11,12; Elbaz, D.1; Rodighiero, G.13
2020-03-20
Source PublicationASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
ISSN0004-637X
Volume892Issue:1Pages:19
AbstractWe present a new modeling of the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) out to z similar to 3, dissecting the contributions of main-sequence (MS) and starburst (SB) galaxies. For each galaxy population, we convolved the observed galaxy stellar mass (M-*) function with a grid of M-*- independent Eddington ratio (lambda(EDD)) distributions, normalized via empirical black hole accretion rate (BHAR) to star formation rate (SFR) relations. Our simple approach yields an excellent agreement with the observed XLF since z similar to 3. We find that the redshift evolution of the observed XLF can only be reproduced through an intrinsic flattening of the lambda(EDD) distribution and with a positive shift of the break lambda*, consistent with an antihierarchical behavior. The AGN accretion history is predominantly made by massive (10(10) < M-* < 10(11) M-circle dot) MS galaxies, while SB-driven BH accretion, possibly associated with galaxy mergers, becomes dominant only in bright quasars, at log(L-X/erg s(-1)) > 44.36 + 1.28 x (1 + z). We infer that the probability of finding highly accreting (lambda(EDD) > 10%) AGNs significantly increases with redshift, from 0.4% (3.0%) at z = 0.5%-6.5% (15.3%) at z = 3 for MS (SB) galaxies, implying a longer AGN duty cycle in the early universe. Our results strongly favor a M-*-dependent ratio between BHAR and SFR, as BHAR/SFR proportional to M-*(0.73[+0.22,-0.29]), supporting a nonlinear BH buildup relative to the host. Finally, this framework opens potential questions on super-Eddington BH accretion and different lambda(EDD) prescriptions for understanding the cosmic BH mass assembly.
Funding OrganizationEuropean Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA
DOI10.3847/1538-4357/ab789c
WOS KeywordSUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES ; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES ; STAR-FORMATION RATE ; MAIN-SEQUENCE ; QUIESCENT GALAXIES ; EDDINGTON RATIOS ; HOST GALAXIES ; ACCRETION RATES ; COSMIC GROWTH
Language英语
Funding ProjectEuropean Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant[788679] ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional[21161487] ; CONICYT[PIA ACT172033] ; CONICYT[Basal-CATA AFB-170002] ; CASSACA
Funding OrganizationEuropean Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; PRIN MIUR 2017 ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT Doctorado Nacional ; CONICYT ; CONICYT ; CASSACA ; CASSACA
WOS Research AreaAstronomy & Astrophysics
WOS SubjectAstronomy & Astrophysics
WOS IDWOS:000546575100001
PublisherIOP PUBLISHING LTD
Citation statistics
Document Type期刊论文
Identifierhttp://ir.bao.ac.cn/handle/114a11/82862
Collection中国科学院国家天文台
Corresponding AuthorDelvecchio, I.
Affiliation1.Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris Saclay, Sorbonne Paris Cite, CEA,IRFU,DAp,AIM,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
2.INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Brera 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy
3.Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RJ, Leics, England
4.Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England
5.Univ Valparaiso, Inst Fis & Astron, Gran Bretana 1111, Valparaiso, Chile
6.Univ Bologna, Dept Phys & Astron DIFA, Via Gobetti 93-2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
7.INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy
8.INAF Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio, Via Gobetti 93-3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
9.Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
10.Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile
11.Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Ctr Astroingn, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile
12.Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, South Amer Ctr Astron, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China
13.Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714		 Delvecchio, I.,Daddi, E.,Aird, J.,et al. The Evolving AGN Duty Cycle in Galaxies Since z similar to 3 as Encoded in the X-Ray Luminosity Function[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,2020,892(1):19.
APA Delvecchio, I..,Daddi, E..,Aird, J..,Mullaney, J. R..,Bernhard, E..,...&Rodighiero, G..(2020).The Evolving AGN Duty Cycle in Galaxies Since z similar to 3 as Encoded in the X-Ray Luminosity Function.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,892(1),19.
MLA Delvecchio, I.,et al."The Evolving AGN Duty Cycle in Galaxies Since z similar to 3 as Encoded in the X-Ray Luminosity Function".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 892.1(2020):19.
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