KMS National Astronomical Observatories, CAS
| Hyperbolic reflectors determined from peak echoes of ground penetrating radar | |
| Ding, Chunyu1,2,3; Xiao, Zhiyong2,4; Su, Yan3,5; Cui, Jun2,3,4 | |
| 2021-04-01 | |
| Source Publication | ICARUS
 |
| ISSN | 0019-1035 |
| Volume | 358Pages:7 |
| Abstract | Ground penetrating radar has recently been used to detect subsurface structures of extraterrestrial bodies, but in situ physical properties (permittivity, density, porosity, etc.) of planetary materials are not well constrained, so that geological interpretations for a given radar observation can be widely different. Hyperbolic reflectors in radargrams obtained by ground penetrating radars are caused by subsurface materials that have a different permittivity, and these reflectors are important agent to deduce the physical properties of materials at smaller depths. The geometry of hyperbolic reflectors is critical for such calculations. Manual extraction, image analyses, and peak echoes have been used to extract the geometry of hyperbolic reflectors, but uncertainties caused by these different methods have not been systematically investigated. Here we compare differences caused by the three methods based on both modelled and observed hyperbolic reflectors in radargrams. Our results suggest that minor differences in the extracted geometry could yield significant uncertainty in the estimated bulk permittivities, leading to dramatically different interpretations. For the interpretation of the top-most radargram that was obtained by the high-frequency lunar penetrating radar onboard the Chang'E-3 mission, uncertainties caused by the different extraction techniques are trivial. However, for radargrams obtained by both the Chang'E-4 and the first Chinese Mars missions, uncertainties of depth estimations can be tens of meters based on the different extraction methods. Such uncertainties should be considered as the minimum inherent uncertainty of radar detection, because hyperbolic reflectors in radargrams are formed by peak echoes of reflected electromagnetic waves, and in actual worlds, their geometry normally deviates from ideal forms of hyperbolas. We recommend extracting hyperbolas using the peak echo method. |
| Keyword | Moon Regolith Permittivity Lunar penetrating radar Radargram Chang'E-3 mission Chang'E-4 mission |
| Funding Organization | B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114280 |
| Language | 英语 |
| Funding Project | B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB41000000] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[42004099] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41773063] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41525015] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41830214] ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA[D020101] ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA[D020202] ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences[LDSE201908] ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences[LDSE202005] |
| Funding Organization | B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; B-type Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies of CNSA ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Opening Fund of the Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| WOS Research Area | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| WOS Subject | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| WOS ID | WOS:000616177500035 |
| Publisher | ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.bao.ac.cn/handle/114a11/79617 |
| Collection | 中国科学院国家天文台 |
| Corresponding Author | Xiao, Zhiyong |
| Affiliation | 1.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China 2.Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Planetary Environm & Astrobiol Res Lab, Zhuhai 519000, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Key Lab Lunar & Deep Space Explorat, Beijing 100020, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Comparat Planetol, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China 5.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Ding, Chunyu,Xiao, Zhiyong,Su, Yan,et al. Hyperbolic reflectors determined from peak echoes of ground penetrating radar[J]. ICARUS,2021,358:7. |
| APA | Ding, Chunyu,Xiao, Zhiyong,Su, Yan,&Cui, Jun.(2021).Hyperbolic reflectors determined from peak echoes of ground penetrating radar.ICARUS,358,7. |
| MLA | Ding, Chunyu,et al."Hyperbolic reflectors determined from peak echoes of ground penetrating radar".ICARUS 358(2021):7. |
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