KMS National Astronomical Observatories, CAS
| ALMA Observations of Massive Clouds in the Central Molecular Zone: Ubiquitous Protostellar Outflows | |
| Lu, Xing1; Li, Shanghuo2,3,4; Ginsburg, Adam5; Longmore, Steven N.6; Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik7; Walker, Daniel L.8; Feng, Siyi1,9,10; Zhang, Qizhou11; Battersby, Cara8; Pillai, Thushara12; Mills, Elisabeth A. C.13; Kauffmann, Jens14; Cheng, Yu15; Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro16 | |
| 2021-03-01 | |
| Source Publication | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
 |
| ISSN | 0004-637X |
| Volume | 909Issue:2Pages:39 |
| Abstract | We observe 1.3 mm spectral lines at 2000 au resolution toward four massive molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy to investigate their star formation activities. We focus on several potential shock tracers that are usually abundant in protostellar outflows, including SiO, SO, CH3OH, H2CO, HC3N, and HNCO. We identify 43 protostellar outflows, including 37 highly likely ones and 6 candidates. The outflows are found toward both known high-mass star-forming cores and less massive, seemingly quiescent cores, while 791 out of the 834 cores identified based on the continuum do not have detected outflows. The outflow masses range from less than 1 M to a few tens of M, with typical uncertainties of a factor of 70. We do not find evidence of disagreement between relative molecular abundances in these outflows and in nearby analogs such as the well-studied L1157 and NGC 7538S outflows. The results suggest that (i) protostellar accretion disks driving outflows ubiquitously exist in the CMZ environment, (ii) the large fraction of candidate starless cores is expected if these clouds are at very early evolutionary phases, with a caveat on the potential incompleteness of the outflows, (iii) high-mass and low-mass star formation is ongoing simultaneously in these clouds, and (iv) current data do not show evidence of a difference between the shock chemistry in the outflows that determines the molecular abundances in the CMZ environment and in nearby clouds. |
| Keyword | Galactic center Star formation Stellar jets Interstellar line emission Astrochemistry |
| Funding Organization | JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation |
| DOI | 10.3847/1538-4357/abde3c |
| WOS Keyword | GALACTIC-CENTER ; STAR-FORMATION ; GAS ; CHEMISTRY ; KINEMATICS ; EMISSION ; SEARCH ; SAMPLE |
| Language | 英语 |
| Funding Project | JSPS KAKENHI[18K13589] ; JSPS KAKENHI[20K14528] ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group[KR4801/1-1] ; DFG Sachbeihilfe[KR4801/2-1] ; DFG Sachbeihilfe[SFB 881] ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG[714907] ; National Science Foundation[1816715] |
| Funding Organization | JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation ; JSPS KAKENHI ; JSPS KAKENHI ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through an Emmy Noether Research Group ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; DFG Sachbeihilfe ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program via the ERC Starting Grant MUSTANG ; National Science Foundation ; National Science Foundation |
| WOS Research Area | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| WOS Subject | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| WOS ID | WOS:000629944600001 |
| Publisher | IOP PUBLISHING LTD |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.bao.ac.cn/handle/114a11/78902 |
| Collection | 中国科学院国家天文台 |
| Corresponding Author | Lu, Xing |
| Affiliation | 1.Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan 2.Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, 80 Nandan Rd, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China 4.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 5.Univ Florida, Dept Astron, POB 112055, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA 6.Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England 7.Heidelberg Univ, Astron Rechen Inst, Zentrum Astron, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 8.Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, 196A Auditorium Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA 9.Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 10.Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 11.Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 12.Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA 13.Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA 14.MIT, Haystack Observ, 99 Millstone Rd, Westford, MA 01886 USA 15.Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA 16.Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Lu, Xing,Li, Shanghuo,Ginsburg, Adam,et al. ALMA Observations of Massive Clouds in the Central Molecular Zone: Ubiquitous Protostellar Outflows[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,2021,909(2):39. |
| APA | Lu, Xing.,Li, Shanghuo.,Ginsburg, Adam.,Longmore, Steven N..,Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik.,...&Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro.(2021).ALMA Observations of Massive Clouds in the Central Molecular Zone: Ubiquitous Protostellar Outflows.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL,909(2),39. |
| MLA | Lu, Xing,et al."ALMA Observations of Massive Clouds in the Central Molecular Zone: Ubiquitous Protostellar Outflows".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 909.2(2021):39. |
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